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Monday, March 2, 2015

Mode of Transmission & Main Portal of Pathogens

Mode of Transmission

Viruses enter into body by 4 ways:
  1. Ingestion: Contaminated food and drink when ingested may cause infection
Example: Jaundice is caused by hepatitis viruses.
  1. Inhalation: Dust, droplets etc when inhaled may causes infection.
  2. Inoculation: When continuity of skin break, viruses usually enter into the cells and causes infection.
ð  Direct inoculation: By contaminated needle or sharp instruments.
ð  Insect borne: Such as mosquitoes.
ð  Tran placental: From mother to fetus.
Example AIDS is caused by HIV.

Main portal of entry  of important viral pathogens:


Portal of entry
Virus
Disease
Respiratory
tract
Influenza virus
Rhino virus
Measles virus
Mumps virus
Adeno virus
V  aricella virus-Zoster virus
Influenza
Common cold
Measles
Mumps
Rubella
Pneumonia
Chicken pox
Gastrointestinal
tract
Hepatitis A virus
Polio virus
Rota virus
Hepatitis A
Poliomyelitis
Diarrhea
Skin
Rabies virus
Rabies

Dengue virus
Dengue

Human papilloma virus
Papilloma(warts)
Genital tract
HIV
AIDS
Blood
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B

Hepatitis D virus
Hepatitis D

HIV
AIDS
Tran placental
Cytomegalo virus
Rubella
Congenital abnormalities
Congenital abnormalities